Perceptions of positive meaning and vulnerability following breast cancer: predictors and outcomes among long-term breast cancer survivors.

TitlePerceptions of positive meaning and vulnerability following breast cancer: predictors and outcomes among long-term breast cancer survivors.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2005
AuthorsBower JE, Meyerowitz BE, Desmond KA, Bernaards CA, Rowland JH, Ganz PA
JournalAnn Behav Med
Volume29
Issue3
Pagination236-45
Date Published2005 Jun
ISSN0883-6612
KeywordsAdult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attitude to Health, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Self Concept, Survivors, Treatment Outcome, Vulnerable Populations
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Survival rates for women with early-stage breast cancer have increased significantly in recent years. However, little is known about the long-term impact of the cancer experience on women's psychological functioning. Theoretical and descriptive accounts suggest that cancer may evoke both perceptions of vulnerability and positive meaning, with potentially different effects on mental health.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and stability of these perceptions in a large sample of breast cancer survivors, to identify their antecedents, and to determine their impact on long-term adjustment.

METHODS: Breast cancer survivors (N = 763) were assessed longitudinally at 1 to 5 years and 5 to 10 years postdiagnosis. Participants completed surveys assessing perceptions of positive meaning and vulnerability and standard measures of psychological adjustment and quality of life.

RESULTS: The majority of women reported positive changes in outlook and priorities as well as feelings of vulnerability at both assessment points. Consistent with hypotheses, results showed that perceptions of positive meaning and vulnerability were positively correlated and were both associated with factors that increased the disruptiveness of the cancer experience. Vulnerability was strongly associated with negative affect, whereas meaning was associated with positive affect in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.

CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that a cancer diagnosis may lead to enduring feelings of vulnerability as well as positive changes in meaning; however, these perceptions have very different mental health correlates.

DOI10.1207/s15324796abm2903_10
Alternate JournalAnn Behav Med
PubMed ID15946118
Grant ListR01CA63028 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States