Neural pathways link social support to attenuated neuroendocrine stress responses.

TitleNeural pathways link social support to attenuated neuroendocrine stress responses.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2007
AuthorsEisenberger NI, Taylor SE, Gable SL, Hilmert CJ, Lieberman MD
JournalNeuroimage
Volume35
Issue4
Pagination1601-12
Date Published2007 May 1
ISSN1053-8119
KeywordsAdolescent, Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Emotions, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamus, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neural Pathways, Neurosecretory Systems, Prefrontal Cortex, Saliva, Social Isolation, Social Support, Stress, Psychological
Abstract

It is well established that a lack of social support constitutes a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality, comparable to risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure. Although it has been hypothesized that social support may benefit health by reducing physiological reactivity to stressors, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Moreover, to date, no studies have investigated the neurocognitive mechanisms that translate experiences of social support into the health outcomes that follow. To investigate these processes, thirty participants completed three tasks in which daily social support, neurocognitive reactivity to a social stressor, and neuroendocrine responses to a social stressor were assessed. Individuals who interacted regularly with supportive individuals across a 10-day period showed diminished cortisol reactivity to a social stressor. Moreover, greater social support and diminished cortisol responses were associated with diminished activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and Brodmann's area (BA) 8, regions previously associated with the distress of social separation. Lastly, individual differences in dACC and BA 8 reactivity mediated the relationship between high daily social support and low cortisol reactivity, such that supported individuals showed reduced neurocognitive reactivity to social stressors, which in turn was associated with reduced neuroendocrine stress responses. This study is the first to investigate the neural underpinnings of the social support-health relationship and provides evidence that social support may ultimately benefit health by diminishing neural and physiological reactivity to social stressors.

DOI10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.01.038
Alternate JournalNeuroimage
PubMed ID17395493
PubMed Central IDPMC2710966
Grant ListR01 MH056880 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R01 MH056880-07 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R01MH56880 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R21 MH066709 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R21 MH066709-02 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R21 MH071521 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R21 MH071521-02 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R21MH071521 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
R21MH66709 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
T32 MH-019925 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States