Enhanced replication of simian immunodeficiency virus adjacent to catecholaminergic varicosities in primate lymph nodes.

TitleEnhanced replication of simian immunodeficiency virus adjacent to catecholaminergic varicosities in primate lymph nodes.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2006
AuthorsSloan EK, Tarara RP, Capitanio JP, Cole SW
JournalJ Virol
Volume80
Issue9
Pagination4326-35
Date Published2006 May
ISSN0022-538X
KeywordsAnimals, Autonomic Nervous System, Catecholamines, Lymph Nodes, Macaca mulatta, Male, Phenotype, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Virus Replication
Abstract

Clinical and in vitro studies have shown that activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) can stimulate lentivirus replication. To define the potential anatomical basis for this effect, we analyzed the spatial relationship between catecholaminergic neural fibers and sites of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in lymph nodes from rhesus macaques experimentally infected with SIVmac251. Viral replication was mapped by in situ hybridization for SIV env, gag, and nef RNA, and catecholaminergic varicosities from the ANS were mapped by sucrose phosphate glyoxylic acid chemofluorescence. Spatial statistical analyses showed that the likelihood of active SIV replication increased by 3.9-fold in the vicinity of catecholaminergic varicosities (P < 0.0001). The densities of both ANS innervation and SIV replication differed across cortical, paracortical, and medullary regions of the lymph node, but analyses of each region separately continued to show increased replication of SIV adjacent to catecholaminergic varicosities. Ancillary analyses ruled out the possibility that SIV-induced alterations in lymph node architecture might create a spurious spatial association. These data support human clinical studies and in vitro molecular analyses showing that catecholamine neurotransmitters from the ANS can increase lentiviral replication by identifying a specific anatomic context for interactions between ANS neural fibers and replication of SIV in lymphoid tissue.

DOI10.1128/JVI.80.9.4326-4335.2006
Alternate JournalJ. Virol.
PubMed ID16611891
PubMed Central IDPMC1472008
Grant ListAI052737 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States
MH049033 / MH / NIMH NIH HHS / United States
NS052737 / NS / NINDS NIH HHS / United States