Trichotillomania & Other Body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs)

Trichotillomania & Other BFRBs

Body-Focused Repetitive Behaviors (BFRBs) are a group of conditions characterized by repetitive self-grooming behaviors that result in damage to the body. These behaviors are often performed compulsively or habitually and can be difficult to control. Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) is one of the most well-known BFRBs, along with Excoriation Disorder (Skin-Picking Disorder), and nail-biting.

While BFRBs share similarities with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), they are considered distinct conditions because they are often driven by urges rather than intrusive thoughts. Individuals with BFRBs may experience temporary relief, pleasure, or satisfaction from engaging in these behaviors, even though they can lead to physical harm, distress, and social embarrassment.

Treatment for Trichotillomania & Other BFRBs

The most effective treatment for BFRBs is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), particularly Habit Reversal Training (HRT). HRT helps individuals become more aware of their behaviors, recognize triggers, and develop alternative responses that are less harmful. This process includes competing response training, where individuals replace hair-pulling, skin-picking, or other BFRBs with a different, non-damaging action (e.g., clenching fists, using fidget toys, or squeezing a stress ball). Stimulus control techniques, such as wearing gloves, using barriers, or altering routines, can also help break habitual patterns. In some cases, medication may be considered, particularly if BFRBs are linked to anxiety or obsessive-compulsive tendencies. With the right treatment and support, individuals with BFRBs can learn to manage urges, reduce repetitive behaviors, and regain confidence in their daily lives.