Bipolar disorder—commonly known as manic-depressive illness—is a brain disorder that
causes extensive changes in a person's mood, energy and ability to function.
Bipolar I disorder is the most severe
form of the illness and consists of alternating periods of mania and depression.
In comparison, Bipolar II disorder consists of alternating periods of recurrent
depression and less intense episodes of mania, called hypomania.
Alcohol and drug abuse are common among people suffering from bipolar disorder,
and studies have shown there may also be an increased tendency for anxiety disorders, as well.
People often suffer for years before bipolar disorder is properly diagnosed and treated.
Once diagnosed, most people can respond to treatment that combines medication,
education and support.
The goals of treatment are to stabliize the acute episode and to prevent the recurrence
of future episodes.